I would say a master grinder with an apprentice can at least fully grind 500 mid to high level knives a month.
500 mid to high level knives per month come to about three per hour with a 40 hour week.
I could probably grind 500 knives a month, and I could forge as many, too, but not in the same month! Obviously one always aspires to perfection, in the knowledge that it is unattainable, but in essence it's not rocket science. You just need the right tools and a modicum of horse sense.
But, being a solo maker, I am doing the whole process by myself, and I am therefore not doing 500 of any one thing in a month. I would be doing;
In the forge;
Billet prep
Forging
Clipping
Straightening
HT
At the grinding station;
Profiling
Grinding
Glazing
Buffing
Maybe etching or other surface treatments.
At the bench;
Handle block prep
Handle fitting
Handle shaping
Handle finishing
And finally;
Sharpening
General QC/snagging
So, divide your 500 knives a month by all those tasks (ignoring the fact that they all take widely disparate amounts of time), and you have a figure that comes closer to a common solo Western maker's target of a knife a day. I know some might make more and some make many fewer, according to their capacity and of course what it is they are making.
Another factor I touched on before is having a market for your product. A long established knife making concern in any country will have built up a customer base, retail or wholesale, that makes 500 plus knives a month a viable target. If I got a bunch of my buddies together and we pumped out 500 knives a month, where is our market going to spring from, even (or especially??) if our knives were retailing at a notional "mid-range" Japanese knife price point of, say, £200?
And to briefly touch upon pricing, it is a tricky subject because I know that, for instance, my overheads are probably going to be a good deal lower than those of a knifemaker in the US, and then there is the question of special materials and so on, so it makes it hard to compare. But, the higher end Japanese knives are not cheap, so I think, in the end, we are comparing things that are more alike than they at first appear?
Just my rambling thoughts on this dreary Sunday evening.