I think this misses the point completely. Not only is the level of intellectual property and research rather small, perhaps insignificant, but also the steel that the knife is made out of really isn't a trade secret since it is fully testable by anybody who purchases the knife. Other details, like the heat treatment etc, are much less so, and probably do represent some sort of intellectual property. The competitive advantage of any small business catering to enthusiasts is in the customer service more than the product.
It's more of a balancing act. On one hand, the market for knives like this is relatively small so there is an interest in preserving the current monopoly and on the other hand the value of any good to a given consumer increases as it becomes more transparent, which is readily visible by people in this thread saying, more or less "I would pay for this if I only knew." It shifts the demand curve.
Personally, I would be wary of buying something if somebody told me I didn't need to know what it was made of. I don't like the sentiment and I don't like the construction of a group in the know and a group out of it.
You ignored my question and your analysis and reasoning are flawed. First of all, intellectual property is intellectual property. As small as it is, an owner of intellectual property has a right to protect it because, by its nature, it is valuable because no one else has it. That's why intellectual property can be copyrighted and particular names can be trademarked. The information has value.
Second, you fail to recognize that the intellectual property that includes the heat treatment is unique to each steel. You don't use one heat treatment for all steels. The research and testing is unique to each steel. Therefore, by giving up the type of steel, you give up the first and critical step to the making of a knife.
Since this is a kitchen forum, here's a particular food-related analogy. Only one place in the world has the real recipe for Oysters Rockefeller: Antoine's. And that's because no one from Antoine's has ever disclosed what herbs - it is not spinach - are utilized in the real recipe. The herbs are the foundation of that recipe, just like the type of steel a knife is made of. If a competitor knew the actual blend of herbs, the uniqueness of the real recipe would be gone because every competitor/imitator would be able to claim that they have the real Oyster Rockefeller recipe.
And, just remember, dishes and names of dishes can be trademarked (see Chairman Bao). They're often not and that usually has to do with cost.
While I am not an intellectual property attorney, I certainly believe that any specific heat treatment could be copyrighted. However, the actual process would have to be filed and consequently made public. But, as with any infringement, the cost of prosecution belongs to the copyright owner, not the infringer. So, for smaller companies or manufacturers, the cost of enforcing their rights is prohibitive.
Third, you fail to recognize the cost of research, both time and money, by the makers and vendors and for competitors. What you propose basically eliminates the time and cost for a competitor to buy a knife, find a company that would test the steel, then pay to test the steel. A competitor that knows the type of steel can simply jump past all of these steps. In comparison, a competitor starting from scratch would have to choose a steel to try and master and determine the best heat treatment, forging, grinding, etc.
Fourth, you fail to appreciate the competitive advantage of this intellectual property. Look at how other sellers, in particular, a competitor openly markets similar looking and identical grit stones to stones sold by vendors in this forum. But, they're not the same stones. The competitive advantage matters. Maybe this has an effect on the customer. But what this really has an effect on is the manufacturer and seller; in this case the smaller manufacturers and sellers of this forum as similar, but not identical, looking products are sold for less.
Lastly, while the market may be "small" in your opinion. To each of the vendors trying to protect the uniqueness of their product, it's their livelihood.
So, again, would you publicly share your trade secrets, intellectual property, proprietary research, information that gives you a competitive advantage, etc.?
Ultimately, it's your money. So go shop at a competitor who tells you the steel type.